Overview
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Region | Asia-Pacific |
| ISO 3166-1 | VN / VNM |
| Registry | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |
Identifiers
Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Vietnam and submit them as strings on the application body.| API field | Local name | Issuer |
|---|---|---|
businessInfo.taxId | Mã số thuế (MST) | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |
businessInfo.businessEntityId | Mã số thuế (MST) | MPI / DPI via National Business Registration Portal |
Sector regulators
SBV · SSC · MoF · MPI
Legal structures
| Local name | Abbreviation | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Công ty Trách nhiệm Hữu hạn Một thành viên | TNHH MTV | Single-member LLC; 100% owned by one individual or organization; owner appoints Members’ Council or company president to manage. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC (SMLLC). |
| Công ty Trách nhiệm Hữu hạn Hai thành viên trở lên | TNHH | Multi-member LLC with 2–50 members holding charter-capital quotas; governed by Members’ Council; may not publicly issue shares. Equivalent to a US multi-member LLC. |
| Công ty Cổ phần | CTCP | Joint-Stock Company with ≥3 shareholders holding transferable shares; may list publicly on HoSE or HNX; governed by General Meeting of Shareholders and Board of Directors. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Doanh nghiệp Tư nhân | DNTN | Private Enterprise (sole proprietorship) owned by a single individual with unlimited personal liability; cannot issue securities or have more than one owner. Equivalent to a US sole proprietorship. |
| Công ty Hợp danh | — | Partnership with ≥2 general partners bearing unlimited joint liability; limited partners permitted but uncommon; has separate legal personality. Closest US equivalent: limited partnership (LP). |
| Hợp tác xã | HTX | Cooperative registered under the Law on Cooperatives 2023 (effective July 2024); member-owned collective economic organization serving its members; governed by a separate legal regime. Closest US equivalent: cooperative. |
| Chi nhánh / Văn phòng đại diện của doanh nghiệp nước ngoài | — | Branch or representative office of a foreign enterprise registered in Vietnam; a dependent unit with separate registration, not a separate legal entity. Branches may conduct commercial activity; representative offices are liaison-only. Closest US equivalent: branch or representative office. |
How documents combine
For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.| Evidence area | Documents needed |
|---|---|
| Legal Registration | Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký doanh nghiệp |
| Constitutive Documents | Điều lệ công ty |
| Tax Registration | Any one of: Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký thuế · MST confirmation |
| Operating Permit | Giấy phép kinh doanh |
| Ownership Records | Any one of: Danh sách Thành Viên · Danh sách Cổ đông Sáng lập |
| Governance Records | Any one of: Danh sách thành viên HĐQT · HĐTV và người đại diện theo pháp luật |
| Signing Authority | Any one of: Nghị quyết · Quyết định Ủy quyền |
| Address | Any one of: Hợp đồng thuê · Hóa đơn dịch vụ · Sao kê ngân hàng |
Documents to collect
The physical documents you’ll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil’s Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.| Document | Proves |
|---|---|
| Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký doanh nghiệp (ERC) | Legal Registration |
| Điều lệ công ty (Company Charter) | Constitutive Documents |
| Giấy chứng nhận đăng ký thuế | Tax Registration |
| MST confirmation | Tax Registration |
| Giấy phép kinh doanh (Business License) | Operating Permit |
| Danh sách Thành Viên | Ownership Records |
| Danh sách Cổ đông Sáng lập | Ownership Records |
| Danh sách thành viên HĐQT | Governance Records |
| HĐTV và người đại diện theo pháp luật (Director/Council list on ERC + Charter) | Governance Records |
| Nghị quyết | Signing Authority |
| Quyết định Ủy quyền | Signing Authority |
| Hợp đồng thuê | Address |
| Hóa đơn dịch vụ (trong vòng 90 ngày) | Address |
| Sao kê ngân hàng (trong vòng 90 ngày) | Address |
| Sector-Specific License | SBV — State Bank of Vietnam (banking/payments), SSC — State Securities Commission, MoF / ISA — Insurance Supervisory Authority |
Collection notes
- Legal Registration: Issued by DPI; carries enterprise code = tax code. For FIEs, also collect IRC. Verify current status at dangkykinhdoanh.gov.vn.
- Constitutive Documents: Filed with DPI at incorporation; amendments must be re-filed. Single constitutive document covering capital, governance, and representative authority.
- Tax Registration: GDT issues; since 2010 unification, ERC itself displays the enterprise code = tax code. Standalone tax certificate or GDT portal printout accepted.
- Operating Permit: Issued by provincial or district People’s Committee. Annual business license fee abolished from January 2026; the license document itself remains required where applicable.
- Sector-Specific License: Required only for regulated-sector entities.
- Ownership Records: For LLC entities collect the members list (Danh sách thành viên); for JSC entities collect the founding shareholders list (Danh sách cổ đông sáng lập). Current shareholder registers are company-maintained documents.
- Governance Records: ERC names legal representative(s); charter or filed resolution lists Members’ Council (LLC) or Board of Directors (JSC).
- Signing Authority: Board resolution authorizing signatory, or notarized power of attorney (Giấy ủy quyền công chứng). Legal representative named on ERC has inherent authority; additional signatories need explicit authorization.
- Address: Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
Person roles
When you submit a person on the application body, set theirrole to one of Conduit’s canonical BusinessPersonRole values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.
| Local role | Canonical API role | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Chủ tịch Hội đồng quản trị (Board of Directors Chairman — JSC) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Chair of JSC Board of Directors; governance role. |
| Thành viên Hội đồng quản trị (Board of Directors Member — JSC) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Non-executive member of JSC Board; governance oversight. |
| Chủ tịch Hội đồng thành viên (Members’ Council Chairman — multi-member LLC) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Chair of Members’ Council; governance role in LLC. |
| Thành viên Hội đồng thành viên (Members’ Council Member — LLC) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Member of LLC governing council; governance role. |
| Tổng Giám đốc / Giám đốc (General Director / Director) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Day-to-day operational executive; appointed by Board or Members’ Council. |
| Người đại diện theo pháp luật (Legal Representative) | LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE | Person(s) named on ERC authorized to legally bind the company; must be Vietnam-resident (at least one). |
Additional fields
Country-specific fields you’ll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.| Field | Applies to | Reason |
|---|---|---|
Nationality + Vietnam residency status | shareholder | Enterprise Law 2020 and Investment Law 2020 impose foreign ownership caps in certain sectors; DPI tracks nationality to enforce FIE rules. |
Notes
- Enterprise Code = Tax Code since 2010: The 10-digit MST on the ERC is the same identifier used by GDT; do not request a separate tax registration certificate — the ERC itself suffices as dual proof unless a standalone GDT certificate is needed for banking purposes.
- FIE dual-document requirement: Foreign-invested enterprises must produce both the IRC (issued under Investment Law 2020, Law No. 61/2020/QH14) and the ERC; neither alone establishes full legal status. As of 2026, ERC-first sequencing is permitted before IRC, but both must eventually be obtained.
- Apostille Convention transition: Vietnam acceded to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention on 31 December 2025; convention enters into force for Vietnam on 11 September 2026. Until that date, consular legalisation (notarisation + Vietnamese embassy/consulate stamp) remains required for foreign documents. From 11-IX-2026, apostille replaces the consular legalisation chain.