Overview
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Region | Europe |
| ISO 3166-1 | RO / ROU |
| Registry | ONRC |
| Last updated | 2026-05-06 |
Identifiers
Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Romania and submit them as strings on the application body.| API field | Local name | Issuer |
|---|---|---|
businessInfo.taxId | CUI (Codul Unic de Înregistrare) / CIF (Cod de Identificare Fiscală) | ANAF |
businessInfo.businessEntityId | Număr de ordine în Registrul Comerțului (J/F/C number) | ONRC |
Sector regulators
BNR · ASF · ONRC · ANAF · ONPCSB
Legal structures
| Local name | Abbreviation | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Societate cu Răspundere Limitată | SRL | Quota-based limited-liability company with 1–50 associates; minimum capital RON 500 (Law 239/2025, eff. 2025-12-18); liability limited to subscribed capital. Equivalent to a US LLC. |
| Societate pe Acțiuni | SA | Joint-stock company with freely transferable shares; minimum capital RON 90,000; mandatory board structure (monistic or two-tier). Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. |
| Societate în Comandită pe Acțiuni | SCA | Partnership limited by shares; minimum capital RON 90,000; comanditați (general partners, unlimited liability) manage; comanditari (limited partners) hold freely transferable shares. Closest US equivalent: LP. |
| Societate în Comandită Simplă | SCS | Limited partnership; comanditați manage with unlimited liability; comanditari liable only to their contribution; no minimum capital. Closest US equivalent: LP. |
| Societate în Nume Colectiv | SNC | General partnership; all partners jointly and unlimitedly liable for company obligations; no minimum capital; rare in practice. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Persoană Fizică Autorizată | PFA | Authorized sole trader; not a separate legal entity; owner bears unlimited personal liability; registered with ONRC under OUG 44/2008. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Întreprindere Individuală | II | Individual enterprise; not a separate legal entity; single natural-person owner with unlimited liability; registered with ONRC under OUG 44/2008; may employ up to 8 staff. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. |
| Întreprindere Familială | IF | Family enterprise; two or more family members conducting economic activity without legal personality; all members bear unlimited joint liability; cannot hire third parties; registered under OUG 44/2008. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). |
| Societate Cooperativă | SC | Cooperative society organized under Law 1/2005; member-owned entity pursuing shared economic or social goals; members liable to subscribed shares only; governed by general assembly. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. |
| Sucursală a unei societăți străine | — | Branch of a foreign company registered with ONRC; not a separate legal entity; the foreign parent bears full liability for branch obligations. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. |
How documents combine
For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below.| Evidence area | Documents needed |
|---|---|
| Legal Registration | All required: Certificat de Înregistrare + Certificat Constatator |
| Constitutive Documents | Any one of: Actul Constitutiv · Statut |
| Tax Registration | Certificat de Înregistrare Fiscală |
| Operating Permit | Any one of: Autorizație · Acord de Funcționare |
| Ownership Records | Any one of: Registrul Asociatilor · Registrul Actionarilor |
| Governance Records | All required: Certificat Constatator + Actul Constitutiv |
| Signing Authority | Any one of: Hotararea AGA · Hotararea CA · Procura notariala |
| Address | Any one of: Contract de locațiune · Factură de utilități · Extras bancar |
Documents to collect
The physical documents you’ll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil’s Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed.| Document | Proves |
|---|---|
| Certificat de Înregistrare | Legal Registration |
| Certificat Constatator (ONRC) | Legal Registration, Governance Records |
| Actul Constitutiv (SRL) | Constitutive Documents, Governance Records |
| Statut (SA) | Constitutive Documents |
| Certificat de Înregistrare Fiscală (CUI / CIF, ANAF) | Tax Registration |
| Autorizație de funcționare (municipal operating authorisation) | Operating Permit |
| Acord de Funcționare (primărie) | Operating Permit |
| Registrul Asociaților (SRL) | Ownership Records |
| Registrul Acționarilor (SA) | Ownership Records |
| Hotărârea AGA (general assembly resolution) | Signing Authority |
| Hotărârea CA (board resolution) | Signing Authority |
| Procură notarială (notarized POA) | Signing Authority |
| Contract de locațiune | Address |
| Factură de utilități (≤90 zile) | Address |
| Extras bancar (≤90 zile) | Address |
| Sector-Specific License | Autorizație BNR (banking, payments, e-money), Autorizație ASF (capital markets, insurance, pensions) |
Collection notes
- Legal Registration: Certificat Constatator is the live-status extract used for KYB; available online via myportal.onrc.ro
- Constitutive Documents: Single document; includes share capital, object of activity, associate/shareholder names, governance rules
- Tax Registration: VAT certificate separate if VAT-registered: “Certificat de Înregistrare în scopuri de TVA”
- Operating Permit: Issued by local town hall; required for each operating location; based on Certificat Constatator
- Sector-Specific License: MiCA grandfathering window for qualifying incumbents (registered pre-30 Dec 2024, ASF dossier by 31 Dec 2025) ends 2026-06-24; full MiCA license required thereafter
- Governance Records: SA (monistic): Consiliu de Administrație; SA (dualistic): Directorat + Consiliu de Supraveghere. Changes registered via ONRC mention (mențiune)
- Signing Authority: Standard is a notarized power of attorney or a certified board resolution; must be apostilled for cross-border use (Romania is a Hague Convention Apostille party).
- Address: Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks.
Person roles
When you submit a person on the application body, set theirrole to one of Conduit’s canonical BusinessPersonRole values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role.
| Local role | Canonical API role | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Administrator (SRL / SA monistic) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Appointed by general assembly; day-to-day management and legal representation authority |
| Director General / Director (SA) | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Executive officer under the monistic CA or dualistic Directorat; operational authority |
| Membru Consiliu de Administrație | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Member of the Board of Directors (CA) in SA monistic system; governance role |
| Membru Consiliu de Supraveghere | CONTROLLING_PERSON | Member of Supervisory Board in SA dualistic system; oversight of Directorat |
| Comanditat (SCS / SCA) | LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE | General partner with unlimited liability; manages and legally represents the partnership |
| Reprezentant Legal | LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE | Person formally empowered (via AGA resolution or POA) to legally bind the entity |
Additional fields
Country-specific fields you’ll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads.| Field | Applies to | Reason |
|---|---|---|
CAEN activity code (classification of economic activities) | founder | ONRC registration requires stating CAEN codes; codes determine applicable regulatory regime and municipal authorization scope |
Notes
- SRL minimum capital raised to RON 500 (Law 239/2025, eff. 2025-12-18): prior floor was 1 leu (Law 223/2020 abolished the RON 200 floor in Nov 2020); existing SRLs with net turnover >RON 400,000 must increase to RON 5,000 within two years (by 2027-12-18). Verify capital in Certificat Constatator.
- Certificat Constatator is the operative KYB extract: the Certificat de Înregistrare is issued once at incorporation; the Certificat Constatator is the live snapshot. Always request a fresh Certificat Constatator — not older than 30 days for most counterparties.
- SA dualistic system requires both Directorat and Supervisory Board: when onboarding an SA using the two-tier structure, directors (Directorat members) and board members (Consiliu de Supraveghere) are distinct — both sets of persons need to be collected and role-mapped separately.