> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Spain > How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Spain (ESP) when onboarding through the Conduit API. ## Overview | Field | Value | | ------------ | ------------------ | | Region | Europe | | ISO 3166-1 | ES / ESP | | Registry | Registro Mercantil | | Last updated | 2026-05-06 | ## Identifiers Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Spain and submit them as strings on the application body. | API field | Local name | Issuer | | ------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | | `businessInfo.taxId` | **NIF** | AEAT | | `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **NIF** | AEAT | *Tax ID:* The NIF is the universal entity identifier; also the registry reference for Registro Mercantil extracts. The número de hoja mercantil (sheet number in provincial register) is a secondary locator. *Registration number:* The NIF is the universal entity identifier; also the registry reference for Registro Mercantil extracts. The número de hoja mercantil (sheet number in provincial register) is a secondary locator. ## Sector regulators `Banco de España` · `CNMV` · `DGSFP` · `SEPBLAC` ## Legal structures | Local name | Abbreviation | Description | | ------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | S.L. | The default SME vehicle; quota-based limited-liability company with transferable but restricted participaciones. Minimum capital €1 (Ley 18/2022). Closest US equivalent: LLC. | | Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada Unipersonal | S.L.U. | Single-member S.L.; unipersonal status is noted on the Registro Mercantil extract and must be declared. Closest US equivalent: Single-Member LLC (SMLLC). | | Sociedad Limitada Nueva Empresa | S.L.N.E. | Simplified S.L. variant created by Ley 7/2003 for entrepreneurs; up to five natural-person founders at formation, capital €3,000–€120,000. Still registrable despite reduced usage post-Ley 18/2022. Closest US equivalent: LLC. | | Sociedad Anónima | S.A. | Public-facing or large corporate form; freely transferable shares and minimum paid-in capital of €60,000. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. | | Sociedad Anónima Unipersonal | S.A.U. | Single-shareholder S.A.; unipersonal status inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. | | Sociedad Anónima Europea | S.E. | European public limited-liability company registered in Spain under EU Regulation 2157/2001; minimum capital €120,000, shares freely transferable across EU. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. | | Sociedad Colectiva | S.C. | General partnership; all partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for company debts. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). | | Sociedad Comanditaria Simple | S. Com. | Limited partnership with at least one general partner (unlimited liability) and one limited partner (liability capped at contribution). Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). | | Sociedad Comanditaria por Acciones | S.C.A. | Limited partnership whose limited-partner interests are represented by freely transferable shares; at least one general partner retains unlimited liability. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership (LP). | | Empresario Individual / Autónomo | — | Sole trader operating under their own name or a trade name; no separate legal entity and unlimited personal liability. Registered in Censo AEAT (Form 036/037) and optionally in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: Sole Proprietorship. | | Sociedad Cooperativa | S. Coop. | Member-owned cooperative society governed by democratic control; registered with the Registro de Cooperativas (national or regional). Common in agriculture, housing, and worker-owned services. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. | | Sociedad Laboral | S.A.L. / S.L.L. | Worker-majority SA (S.A.L.) or SL (S.L.L.) in which employees holding permanent contracts own at least 51% of share capital; registered in the Registro de Sociedades Laborales before Registro Mercantil inscription. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. | | Agrupación de Interés Económico | A.I.E. | Economic interest grouping enabling members to coordinate activities without forming a separate profit-seeking company; members bear unlimited joint liability. Must be inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). | | Comunidad de Bienes | C.B. | Joint-ownership arrangement in which two or more persons co-own assets and share revenues; no separate legal personality or minimum capital. Registered with AEAT only. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership (GP). | | Sucursal de Sociedad Extranjera | — | Branch of a foreign company operating in Spain; no separate legal personality, parent company bears full liability. Must be inscribed in the Registro Mercantil. Closest US equivalent: Branch/Rep Office. | ## How documents combine For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below. | Evidence area | Documents needed | | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Legal Registration | *Any one of:* Nota Simple · Certificación Registral | | Constitutive Documents | *All required:* Escritura de Constitución + Estatutos Sociales | | Tax Registration | *Any one of:* Certificado de Alta en el Censo · Tarjeta NIF | | Operating Permit | *Any one of:* Licencia de Actividad · Licencia de Apertura | | Ownership Records | *Any one of:* Libro-Registro de Socios · Libro-Registro de Acciones Nominativas | | Governance Records | *Any one of:* Certificación Registral · Nota Simple | | Signing Authority | *Any one of:* Escritura de Poder Notarial · Acta de Junta o de Consejo con facultades representativas | | Address | *Any one of:* Contrato de arrendamiento · Factura de suministros · Estado de Cuenta Bancario | | Good Standing | *Any one of:* Certificado de Vigencia · Certificación Registral | ## Documents to collect The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed. | Document | Proves | | ------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Nota Simple** | Legal Registration, Governance Records | | **Certificación Registral (Registro Mercantil)** | Legal Registration, Governance Records, Good Standing | | **Escritura de Constitución** | Constitutive Documents | | **Estatutos Sociales** | Constitutive Documents | | **Certificado de Alta en el Censo** | Tax Registration | | **Tarjeta NIF (AEAT)** | Tax Registration | | **Licencia de Actividad** | Operating Permit | | **Licencia de Apertura (municipal)** | Operating Permit | | **Libro-Registro de Socios (S.L.)** | Ownership Records | | **Libro-Registro de Acciones Nominativas (S.A.)** | Ownership Records | | **Escritura de Poder Notarial** | Signing Authority | | **Acta de Junta o de Consejo con facultades representativas** | Signing Authority | | **Contrato de arrendamiento** | Address | | **Factura de suministros (≤90 días)** | Address | | **Estado de Cuenta Bancario (≤90 días)** | Address | | **Certificación Registral de Vigencia (Registro Mercantil)** | Good Standing | | **Sector-Specific License** | Autorización del Banco de España (entidades de crédito / servicios de pago), CNMV authorization (investment firms), Autorización DGSFP | ### Collection notes * **Legal Registration:** Obtain via sede.registradores.org. Nota simple is informational; Certificación is evidentiary. Provincial register for domicile; RMC for name/denomination index. * **Constitutive Documents:** Paired: notarial deed (escritura) + statutes (estatutos). Both inscribed in the Registro Mercantil; confirmed by BORME publication. * **Tax Registration:** Issued after Form 036 filing. NIF is provisional until notarial deed + Registro Mercantil inscription are provided. Definitive NIF confirmation letter from AEAT is the artifact to collect. * **Operating Permit:** Issued by the ayuntamiento (town hall) of the premises municipality. Name varies by municipality; same substantive requirement. * **Sector-Specific License:** Required only for regulated-sector customers. * **Governance Records:** Administrator appointments inscribed in provincial Registro Mercantil; confirmed in extract. * **Signing Authority:** Notarized POA most common. Board/members' meeting minutes (acta) with express grant of authority also accepted. * **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. * **Good Standing:** Order via sede.registradores.org from the provincial Registro Mercantil where the company is domiciled. The Certificación (evidentiary) is the formal good-standing instrument and confirms the company is legally constituted, not dissolved, and free of registry-recorded restrictions. The Nota Simple is informational and reflects register state at time of issue but is not evidentiary. Banks typically require issuance within 30 days; cross-border use commonly 60-90 days. ## Person roles When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role. | Local role | Canonical API role | Description | | ------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Administrador Único | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Sole director with day-to-day executive authority in S.L. | | Administrador Solidario / Mancomunado | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Joint or several director(s); operational authority. | | Consejero Delegado | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Executive director delegated by the board; primary day-to-day officer in S.A. | | Consejero (Consejo de Administración) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Non-executive board member on S.A. governing board. | | Apoderado / Representante Legal | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Holder of notarized power of attorney; authorized to bind the company. | ## Additional fields Country-specific fields you'll need to collect during onboarding, beyond the document uploads. | Field | Applies to | Reason | | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `DNI (for Spanish nationals) or NIE (for foreign individuals)` | shareholder | Registro Mercantil inscriptions and AEAT NIF filings require individual tax/identity numbers for all socios and administradores; notary refuses deed without valid DNI/NIE. | ## Notes * Single identifier: NIF serves as both the registry number and the corporate tax ID — collect one certificate; both `businessInfo.taxId` and `businessInfo.businessEntityId` take the same value. * The NIF is both the tax ID and the primary registry identifier — there is no separate "company registration number" distinct from the NIF in Spanish practice. Collect the NIF; it unlocks both the AEAT census record and the Registro Mercantil extract. * Nota simple vs. Certificación: a nota simple is informational and lacks evidentiary value for legal or judicial purposes. For binding KYB use, request a certificación registral (signed by the registrar). The sede.registradores.org portal issues either form digitally. * S.L. minimum capital of €1 (Ley 18/2022, eff. 2022-10-19): companies capitalized below €3,000 must reserve 20% of annual profits until capital + reserve = €3,000; partners bear joint and several liability for the shortfall in liquidation. Flag this risk tier in onboarding.