> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://v2.docs.conduit.financial/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Laos > How to collect KYB documents from business customers in Laos (LAO) when onboarding through the Conduit API. ## Overview | Field | Value | | ------------ | ------------ | | Region | Asia-Pacific | | ISO 3166-1 | LA / LAO | | Registry | ERMD, MoIC | | Last updated | 2026-05-06 | ## Identifiers Collect two identifiers from each business customer in Laos and submit them as strings on the application body. | API field | Local name | Issuer | | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | | `businessInfo.taxId` | **Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)** | Tax Department, Ministry of Finance | | `businessInfo.businessEntityId` | **Enterprise Registration Number** | ERMD, MoIC | *Tax ID:* 11-digit number. Since 2022 the TIN is issued concurrently with enterprise registration and printed on the Enterprise Registration Certificate; a separate TIN certificate is no longer required. *Registration number:* Alphanumeric reference on the Enterprise Registration Certificate; no publicly documented standard length. Collect the certificate as the primary artifact. ## Sector regulators `BOL` · `LSC` · `MoF` · `AMLIO` ## Legal structures | Local name | Abbreviation | Description | | ---------------------------------------- | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Sole Limited Company | — | Single-shareholder limited company; liability capped at subscribed capital; governed by Enterprise Law No. 33/NA 2022. Equivalent to a US single-member LLC. | | Limited Company | Co., Ltd. | 2–30 shareholders; most common private commercial vehicle; liability limited to subscribed capital; shares are not freely tradable. Equivalent to a US multi-member LLC. | | Public Company | PLC | Requires at least 9 promoter-shareholders; shares are freely transferable and may be publicly offered; subject to stricter governance and disclosure obligations. Closest US equivalent: C-Corp. | | Ordinary Partnership | — | Two or more partners; all bear unlimited joint liability for the partnership's obligations; constitutes a separate legal entity. Closest US equivalent: General Partnership. | | Limited Partnership | — | At least one general partner with unlimited liability and at least one limited partner whose liability is capped at their capital contribution. Closest US equivalent: Limited Partnership. | | Sole Trader Enterprise | — | Individual natural person registered with ERMD/MoIC; owner bears full personal liability for all obligations. Equivalent to a US Sole Proprietorship. | | Cooperative | — | Member-owned collective enterprise governed by the Law on Cooperatives; managed under limited-company rules for fewer than 20 member families or public-company rules above that threshold. Closest US equivalent: Cooperative. | | Branch of Foreign Company | — | Extension of a foreign parent entity registered with ERMD; operates under the parent's legal identity; an authorised in-country representative is required. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Branch. | | Representative Office of Foreign Company | — | Registered presence of a foreign entity permitted only to conduct liaison, market research, and promotional activities; may not generate revenue or conclude contracts. Closest US equivalent: Foreign Representative Office. | ## How documents combine For each evidence area, this table shows whether the listed documents are alternatives (any one of) or a bundle (all required). The artifact-by-artifact lookup follows below. | Evidence area | Documents needed | | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Legal Registration | Enterprise Registration Certificate | | Constitutive Documents | Company Charter | | Tax Registration | TIN embedded in Enterprise Registration Certificate | | Operating Permit | Business Operating License | | Ownership Records | *Any one of:* Shareholder list in Company Charter · Enterprise Registration Certificate (shareholders section) | | Governance Records | Director list in Enterprise Registration Certificate | | Signing Authority | *Any one of:* Board Resolution · Shareholders' Resolution | | Address | *Any one of:* ສັນຍາເຊົ່າ · ໃບແຈ້ງຄ່າສາທາລະນຸປະໂພກ · ໃບແຈ້ງຍອດທະນາຄານ | | Good Standing | Enterprise Registration Certificate | ## Documents to collect The physical documents you'll collect from your customer, with the evidence area each one proves. One document can prove multiple areas — for example, Brazil's Cartão CNPJ covers both tax and business-registration proof, so it appears once with both areas listed. | Document | Proves | | --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Enterprise Registration Certificate** | Legal Registration, Tax Registration, Ownership Records, Governance Records, Good Standing | | **Company Charter (Articles of Association)** | Constitutive Documents | | **Business Operating License** | Operating Permit | | **Shareholder list in Company Charter** | Ownership Records | | **Board Resolution** | Signing Authority | | **Shareholders' Resolution** | Signing Authority | | **ສັນຍາເຊົ່າ** | Address | | **ໃບແຈ້ງຄ່າສາທາລະນຸປະໂພກ (ພາຍໃນ 90 ວັນ)** | Address | | **ໃບແຈ້ງຍອດທະນາຄານ (ພາຍໃນ 90 ວັນ)** | Address | | **Sector-Specific License** | BOL licence (banks, payment service providers, MFIs), LSC licence (securities firms), MoF licence (insurance), AMLIO — Anti-Money Laundering Intelligence Office (FIU) | ### Collection notes * **Legal Registration:** Issued by ERMD/MoIC; includes TIN since 2022; confirms entity type, registration number, address, capital. * **Constitutive Documents:** Filed with ERMD at registration; amendments must be reported to ERMD to be enforceable against third parties. * **Tax Registration:** Separate TIN certificate no longer issued; the registration cert is the authoritative tax-ID document. * **Operating Permit:** Issued by ERMD/MoIC under Instruction No. 0045/MOIC.ERMD (2019); sector-specific sub-permits may also be required. * **Sector-Specific License:** Collect the relevant regulator-issued licence for any financial-sector customer. * **Governance Records:** Directors named in the registration cert and charter; general director identified separately when multiple directors exist. * **Signing Authority:** General director acts as statutory signatory; other signatories require a board or shareholders' resolution. Lao PDR is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention — foreign-use documents require full notarization + consular/embassy legalization chain. * **Address:** Conduit universal policy: lease (no time bound) OR utility bill OR bank statement, with utility/bank dated within 90 days. Same evidence satisfies both registered-address and operating-address checks. * **Good Standing:** The Lao Enterprise Registration and Management Division (ERMD) of MoIC does not issue a separate Certificate of Good Standing; a current Enterprise Registration Certificate (collected under business\_registration) together with annual filing compliance evidences active status. ## Person roles When you submit a person on the application body, set their `role` to one of Conduit's canonical `BusinessPersonRole` values. Use this table to map a local corporate-governance title onto the right canonical role. | Local role | Canonical API role | Description | | ---------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Director (ກຳມະການ) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Manages the company; elected by shareholders' meeting; term capped at 2 years (renewable). | | General Director (ກຳມະການໃຫຍ່) | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Director designated to bind the company contractually when multiple directors exist; day-to-day executive authority. | | Board of Directors Chair | `CONTROLLING_PERSON` | Presides over board when assets exceed LAK 50 billion; governance role. | | Authorised Representative (Branch) | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | In-country representative of a foreign branch; legally responsible for the branch's compliance. | | POA Holder | `LEGAL_REPRESENTATIVE` | Third party authorised by notarized power of attorney to act on the company's behalf. | ## Notes * TIN merged into registration cert: Since the 2022 Enterprise Law reforms (in force 30 March 2023), the TIN is issued simultaneously with the Enterprise Registration Certificate. There is no separate TIN certificate to collect; the registration cert is the controlling document for both identity fields. * No Apostille: Lao PDR is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention (HCCH status table, verified 2026-05-06). Documents for cross-border use require notarization plus embassy/consular legalization — a multi-step chain. * Board mandatory only above LAK 50 billion in assets: Below this threshold a single director suffices. The "board of directors" structure is uncommon for SMEs; for KYB purposes treat all directors collectively and identify the general director as the statutory signatory.